How to Open a Cannabis Dispensary in Michigan in 2024

Michigan is the second-largest cannabis market in the US, making it a prime spot for cannabis entrepreneurs. Starting a cannabis dispensary here can be exciting and rewarding, though it comes with its fair share of challenges.

Continue reading to explore everything you must know to get your dispensary up and running legally and successfully in Michigan. 

Overview of Cannabis Laws in Michigan

Michigan began marijuana legalization in 2008 with the Compassionate Care Initiative, allowing patients or caregivers in the state’s medical marijuana program to grow 12 cannabis plants at home.

Eight years later, Michigan approved the Medical Marihuana Facilities Licensing Act, enabling the establishment of state-approved medical dispensaries. 

The most significant change occurred in November 2018 when voters passed the Regulation and Taxation of Marihuana Act, legalizing recreational marijuana for adults. This made Michigan the first state in the Midwest and the 10th in the U.S. to legalize recreational cannabis.

The state also introduced a social equity program to help people affected by the War on Drugs enter the cannabis industry.

Although recreational and medical marijuana is now legal in the state, their sales are highly regulated. Recreational marijuana can only be sold to individuals over 21, while medical marijuana patients must be at least 18 and have a valid MMJ license.

Adults can purchase up to 2.5 oz of marijuana flower or 15 g of cannabis concentrate per day. At home, they can have up to 10 oz of cannabis flower and grow up to 12 plants indoors. These limits also apply to MMJ patients and caregivers, with possible exceptions based on individual prescriptions.

Understanding Michigan’s Compliance Regulations

To open a dispensary in Michigan, you need a special license from the Department of Licensing and Regulatory Affairs, specifically from the Cannabis Regulatory Agency (CRA). 

The CRA oversees all the rules for adult-use marijuana businesses under the Michigan Regulation and Taxation of Marihuana Act (MRTMA).

Note that Michigan has very strict regulations for cannabis businesses. Here are a few regulations you must be mindful of:

• All entry points to your dispensary must be locked, and products and cash must be kept secure. 
• You must also set up camera surveillance that covers every part of the facility and store the digital video files.
• You need to use seed-to-sale software and link it to the Metrc tracking system. 
• You are also required by the state to have reliable systems for verifying inventory, transactions, and customers' ages.

Types of Licenses

In Michigan, there isn’t a license specifically called a “dispensary license,” but you need one of the following to open a cannabis dispensary:

• Provisioning Center License: This license lets you buy marijuana from growers or processors and sell it only to registered medical marijuana patients or their caregivers.
• Marijuana Retailer License: This license allows you to sell recreational cannabis to adults 21 and older.

Create a Business Plan

Before you apply for a dispensary license in Michigan, you need a solid business plan. This is a crucial part of the application process and helps show that your business idea is solid and viable. Your plan should clearly describe what your dispensary will do, its unique selling points, and how you will succeed in the market.

A strong business plan for a Michigan dispensary should include:

• Location
• Funding sources 
• Inventory sourcing 
• Revenue Projections
• Staffing
• Plans for promoting diversity and equity in your business.
• Marketing
• Safety and Security
• Technology, including which point-of-sale and compliance software you will use

Secure Financing

Getting money for your dispensary can be tricky because cannabis is still illegal federally, and traditional banks and lenders don’t offer services for dispensaries.

So, you’ll need to explore other ways to secure financing for your dispensary, like, 

• Self-Funding: Use your savings, investments, or credit cards to finance your dispensary.
• Crowdfunding: Raise money by asking the public for donations through online platforms.
• Cannabis-Specific Lenders: These lenders understand the cannabis industry and can offer loans to businesses that can’t get traditional bank financing.
• Social Equity Programs: If you qualify for Michigan’s Social Equity Program, you might receive a discount on your dispensary licensing fee.
• Venture Capital and Private Equity: Look for investors who can provide funding along with valuable connections and business expertise. However, be prepared to give up a significant share of your company’s equity in exchange.

Find a Suitable Location

Selecting the right location for your dispensary is crucial to your success.

The most important consideration is that your location must be in a municipality that permits cannabis businesses. 

Michigan is an “opt-out” state, which means local governments have the authority to decide whether or not to allow dispensaries.

Moreover, the state has specific regulations for dispensary locations. They must be at least 1,000 feet away from other dispensaries, liquor stores, and “drug-free” zones like schools. They also can’t be in residential areas without special approval.

You should also check your local laws as each municipality may have additional requirements or adjustments to these rules.

When evaluating potential locations for your dispensary, focus on spaces that:

• Align with your business plan
• Are large enough to accommodate your needs
• Are positioned to attract foot traffic and provide ample parking
• Can accommodate future growth and expansion
• Fit within your budget

Apply for a Cannabis Dispensary License

Michigan’s process for getting an adult-use cannabis dispensary license is simple and easy to follow. The CRA website is designed to be user-friendly, offering everything you need to get started. 

The state has also published several valuable resources to guide you through the process.

Step-by-Step Guide

You need to register and create an account with LARA (Michigan’s Department of Licensing and Regulatory Affairs) before applying for your license.

Once you have an account, you can begin the application process. There are two main phases to the application: Pre-qualification and Licensure.

Step 1: Prequalification

The prequalification application asks for important information, including your criminal history, background checks, financial details, and other relevant documents. The cost for this application is $3,000, and this fee is non-refundable. 

Note: If you are applying under the social equity program, make sure you apply for that program before you start your prequalification application.

Step 2: Licensure

Once you successfully complete the prequalification step, you can move on to the Licensure phase. In this step, the CRA will review your proposed marijuana establishment.

The CRA will check:

• Your business details
• Proof of financial responsibility
• Information about your municipality
• General employee information

Your physical dispensary location must also pass a CRA inspection within 60 days of submitting your complete application. This means you must have your location selected, purchased, renovated, and ready for inspection within those 60 days.

Additionally, you must pass a Bureau of Fire Services (BFS) plan review within the same 60-day period.

Information and Documents Required for a Dispensary License in Michigan

When applying for a marijuana retail license in Michigan, you’ll need to gather several essential documents. We recommend preparing all of these before you start the application process.

• Attestation 2 - A Acknowledgment & Consent to Investigations, Statute and Rule Compliance
• Attestation 2-B Interest & Experience Attestation
• Attestation 2-C Confirmation of Section 6 Compliance
• Attestation 2-D Confirmation of Insurance
• Acknowledgement of Attestations
• Business Plan
• Certificate of Use and Occupancy
• Certificate of Assumed Name
• DBA Documentation
• Marijuana Business Location Plan
• Deed/Lease Agreement
• Floor Plan
• NCS-Financial Institution Release and Authorization for Information
• Proof of Financial Responsibility (like an insurance policy or a constant value bond)
• Public Contact Form
• FEIN (Federal Employer Identification Number) 
• Copy of Governing Documents (such as Operating Agreements or Bylaws)
• Certificate of Good Standing
• Copy of Marijuana Licenses

For more detailed instructions, refer to the complete Marijuana Retailer Application Instructions.

Note: If you’re interested in getting a medical cannabis license, that’s a different process. Learn more about the Medical Marihuana Facilities Licensing Act (MMFLA).

Timelines for Obtaining a License

Generally, LARA aims to process complete applications within 90 business days. However, the time it takes to get a cannabis dispensary license can vary depending on a few factors, such as:

• The type of license you’re applying for
• How complete and accurate your application is
• The number of applications the state is processing at the time

Costs

When opening an adult-use marijuana establishment, there are two main types of fees:

1. Application Fees

There is a nonrefundable $3,000 application fee for the prequalification process.

2. Initial Licensure Fees

After your prequalification is approved, you must pay an initial licensure fee. This fee varies depending on the type of license you are applying for.

We have included a table below with the initial license fees and renewal fees for different license types.

Top Tips for a Successful Cannabis Business Application

As canna-preneurs, we know firsthand how tricky the application process can be. So, we’ve put together our top tips to help make sure your application gets accepted.

• Know Local Rules: Each city in Michigan might have different rules for cannabis businesses. Make sure you understand and follow these local laws before starting your application.
• Prepare Your Documents: Before you start your prequalification application online, make sure you have all your documents ready. If you miss something, you only have five calendar days to fix it.
• Be Ready for Inspections: Don’t submit your application until your location is ready for the CRA and BFS inspections. Your application could be denied if you don’t pass within 60 days.
• Seek Expert Advice: Consider talking to experts who know the cannabis industry. They can help you navigate the complex licensing process.
• Double-check everything: Make sure all your documents are accurate and complete before you submit them.

Build Your Team

Once you’ve completed your application, it’s time to focus on building and training your dispensary team. 

Your team is crucial for your dispensary’s success, so start by creating a clear organization chart. 

Decide on your role as the owner, determine which positions you need, set up the hierarchy, plan staff benefits, and budget for fair salaries.

Here’s a basic team setup to get you started:

• Store Manager
• Budtenders or Cannabis Sales Associates
• Receptionist
• Security
• Inventory/Compliance Manager

Ensure following all the local laws when hiring and staffing, including cannabis-specific regulations, employment IDs, age requirements, background checks, certification training, and payroll taxes. 

Design Your Michigan Dispensary

Designing your dispensary is about more than just its location or appearance. It’s about creating a space where customers connect with your brand and have a great experience.

Here are some key things to consider for your store design and layout:

• Customer Flow: Plan how customers will move through the store.
• Payment Options: Decide if payments will be made at a terminal, handheld device, or kiosk.
• Product Display: Think about how products will be showcased.
• Branding: Incorporate your brand’s style and design elements.
• Security: Ensure secure doorways and safe storage for inventory.
• Restrooms: Include accessible bathrooms for customers and staff.

Michigan also has specific rules that affect your dispensary design:

• Marijuana products and displays must not be visible from the outside.
• Dispensaries cannot sell food or alcohol.
• Marijuana consumption in-store is not allowed unless you have a special license.
• Cannabis delivery requires specific approval from the CRA.

Stock Your Inventory

Choosing the right products is key to satisfying customers and building a strong, trusted brand. 

High-quality products lead to happy customers who return and tell others about your business. It’s essential to work with reliable suppliers to get the best products and deals. 

While stocking your inventory, keeping Michigan’s regulations in mind is important. The state requires dispensaries to use a third-party inventory control and tracking system to report detailed information to the official Metrc system. 

This includes tracking all plants, products, packages, and lot and batch details. So, your inventory management system must meet Michigan’s rules and work seamlessly with Metrc.

Develop Marketing and Sales Strategies

Marketing a cannabis business comes with unique challenges because of stigma, regulations, and federal restrictions. But there are still plenty of ways to promote your new dispensary. 

Here are some effective strategies:

• Create a user-friendly website with online ordering to attract digital shoppers.
• Use social media to engage with potential customers, but be mindful of what you post to stay within legal boundaries.
• Develop a rewards program to encourage customers to return and keep coming back for more.
• Focus on product-based SEO and make sure your website ranks well in search engines. 
• Consider organizing events to draw new customers.

Insurance Considerations for Cannabis Dispensaries

When starting a cannabis dispensary, you’ll need specific insurance coverages to get your license and operate legally. Here are some common types of insurance you might need:

• General Liability Insurance: Covers accidents and injuries that happen at your dispensary.
• Product Liability Insurance: Protects you from damages caused by your products, with a minimum of $100,000 for bodily injury.
• Property Insurance: Covers damage to your dispensary’s buildings and equipment.
• Workers’ Compensation Insurance: Pays for employee injuries that happen on the job.

Navigating Common Challenges for Success

Starting and running a cannabis business comes with unique challenges. From regulatory hurdles to intense competition, these obstacles can impact your success.

Let’s look at the most common challenges that cannabis businesses in Michigan face and tips to deal with them. 

1. Banking and Financial Challenges

Opening a cannabis dispensary has unique financial challenges because cannabis is still classified as a Schedule I substance. 

Many banks avoid cannabis businesses due to legal risks, so it’s essential to seek help from experts in cannabis finance and legal issues. They can help you find banks or credit unions that support the cannabis industry and keep your business secure and compliant.

2. Marketing and Advertising Restrictions

Advertising for cannabis businesses can be tricky. You can’t use radio, TV, billboards, and Facebook or most digital ads except for banner ads on cannabis sites. 

So, you’ll need to get creative to market your dispensary successfully. Focus on word-of-mouth, build strong community connections, and network with local businesses. 

Also, think outside the box with events, engaging website content, and influencer partnerships to market your brand and attract customers.

3. Consolidation and Competition

As cannabis legalization spreads and we move closer to federal legalization, the market is seeing both increased competition and significant consolidation. 

Established brands are buying up smaller operators, while big companies from sectors like alcohol, tobacco, and pharmaceuticals are also investing in cannabis.

Despite these challenges, there are still opportunities for small businesses. If you’re thinking about starting a cannabis business, it’s important to consider these factors and plan a strategy to stand out in a crowded market.

4. Complex Regulatory Landscape 

Navigating the legal landscape for a cannabis business, especially a dispensary, is challenging as you’ll face strict regulations and heavy scrutiny.

Each state has specific licensing requirements, making compliance crucial to avoid fines or legal trouble. 

We highly recommend working with a well-reputed insurance company that not only protects your business from potential risks and financial setbacks but also helps you stay updated on legal changes and ensures all requirements are met. 

At Frontier Risk, we offer high-quality, straightforward insurance solutions tailored specifically for cannabis businesses like yours. Our experts understand the unique risks of the cannabis industry and provide insurance that helps you manage those risks effectively.

Get a quote from our risk management experts today and see how our customized insurance options can support your business and help you thrive in this complex industry!

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